CHAPTER VII

Transport And Communication

7.1 Roads, Bridges, Rest Houses etc.

7.1.1 Prior to the advent of planning, except for the mule tracks, there were no motorable roads in Bhutan. In those days, it was a difficult journey of over five days to reach Thimphu from Phuntsholing, while today it is a matter of five hours easy drive on a beautiful motorable road. The development Of t roads network had been a great achievement of the earlier two plans. Regions within the country which had hitherto been too remote and cut off have now been opened up. Work is in progress on a west‑east lateral road which will ultimately connect Ha with Tashigang and when completed, will bring about a closer link between places in the northern part of the country. Major part of the expenditure on this road will be outside the scope of plan funds and the work is being executed by Border Roads Organization of India.

7.1.2 All the road works were not financed out of the plan funds. During the earlier two plans a sum of Rs.13 crore was spent on the construction of roads and the following works were undertaken by the Border Roads Organization and the Government:

(a) Phuntsholing-Paro road (180 Kms)
(b) Confluence-Thimphu road (38 Kms)
(c) Sarbhang-Chirang road (60 Kms)
(d) Tshalemaphe-Wangdiphodrang road (64 Kms)
(e) Approach road to Tala (8 Kms)
(f) Lobeysa-Punakha road (13 Kms)
(g) Tashigang-Rangjhung road (12 Kms)
(h) Wangdiphodrang-Tongsa-Baykar-Mongar-Tashigang road (380 Kms)
The work on the first two roads which was undertaken by the Border Roads Organization of India has already been completed. Other road works are in progress.

7.1.3 During the Third Plan, a sum of Rs. 276 lakh has been provided for the completion of works on the continuing schemes viz., Sarbhang‑Chirang road, Approach road to Tala, Lobeysa‑Punakha road, Tashigang‑Rangjhung road and includes a provision of Rs. 80 lakh for the completion of Tshalemaphe- Wangdiphodrang road being constructed by the Border Roads Organiation. The following new road works will also be undertaken:

(a) Roads within Chirang valley (32 Kms) for which a sum of Rs. 40 lakh has been provided.
(b) Improvement of approach roads to border towns for which Rs. 50 lakh has been provided.
(c) lnternal roads in important towns for which Rs. 50 lakh has been provided.
Thus a total sum of Rs. 536 lakh has been provided in the plan for road works including that for the survey of new schemes and improvement of mule tracks.

7.1.4 For the construction of bridges an outlay of Rs. 55 lakh has been provided. Construction of suspension bridges at the following thirteen places will be taken up:

 1. Dorakha  2. Punakha  3. Lamidara 
 4. Chengmari  5.Chargharey  6. Kalikhola Dagapela 
 7. Chanch Khola  8.Dagana Chu  9. Mao Khola 
 10.Rong Khola  11.Bade Nadi  12. Pankhar/Phangri Zam 
 13.Burichu Khola   
Bridges on bridle paths will be constructed at the following seven places in the interior regions:
 1. Tashigang Duktey Zum  2.Kurteo Cha Zum 
 3. Khen Phankar Zum  4. Phyiko Shingkhar Zum 
 5. Langthil Zum  6. Paro Shari Zum 
 7. Sha Thanchu Zum  

7.1.5 During the Third Plan, Rest Houses and PWD Staff Quarters will be constructed at the following ten places:

 1. Chirang  2.Gaylegphug 
 3. Shemgang  4. Tashigang 
 5. Samchi  6.Deothang 
 7. Mongar  8.Punakha 
 9. Tongsa  10.Ha 
A provision of Rs. 20 lakh for the Rest Houses and Rs. 25 lakh for PWD Staff Quarters has been made in the plan.

7.1.6 To sum up the total plan allocation under roads, bridges, rest houses etc. is Rs. 691 lakh as per the following details:

DetailsPlan Allocation
(Rs. in lakhs)
(a) Continuing Schemes on roads276.00
(b) New road works, surveys and improvement of mule tracks260.00
(c) Bridges55.00
(d) Rest Houses20.00
(e) PWD staff quarters25.00
(f) Maintenance of roads/bridges and mechanical equipment55.00
Total:69l.00

7.2 Road Transport

7.2.1 Bhutan Government Transport Service was organized for the first time in 1965. It now runs passenger and freight services on all the motorable routes. By the end of the Second Five Year Plan, the BGTS had 31 passenger buses and 52 trucks. Gross earnings of the BGTS amounted to Rs. 39 lakh during 1969 and the net profit was computed at Rs. 6 lakh.

7.2.2 During the Third Plan transport facilities will be further strengthened. A provision of Rs. 69 lakh has been made for the replacement and addition to the existing fleet of vehicles and extension of workshop facilities.

7.3 Posts and Telegraphs

7.3.1 Although a courier service for the carriage of official mail was in existence in Bhutan for several years in the past, it was only in October, 1962, that a regular post office was opened at Phuntsholing and postage stamps valid for internal and external postage were issued. This was followed by opening of post offices at Paro and Thimphu. These initial postal facilities were restricted to the transit of unregistered mail with the modest beginning made in 1962. Towards the end of 1964, however, positive steps were taken to organize a country‑wide postal system and a Postal Adviser was appointed. To begin with, priority was accorded to the following programmes:

(a) Opening of Post Offices at important administrative centres.
(b) Training of personnel in Post and Telegraphy.
(c) Organizing afleet of mail jeeps.
(d) Construction of departmental buildings.
(e) To evolve a sound philatelic programme.
Within a short period, by the end of Second Five Year Plan, good progress was made and there was a network of 33 Post Offices, a Philatelic Bureau, seven Telephone Exchanges and a teleprinter service between Thimphu and Siliguri in India. There is a fleet of 18 Jeeps for Mail Services. Services of 31 trained Post Masters and over 50 other trained local personnel are now available to the Department. In matters of Philately the name of Bhutan is known al the world over for the colourful stamps which depict the various facets of life and are typically original in design. A list giving names of places where postal facllities existed at the end of Second Plan is given in Annexure‑VI to this chapter.

7.3.2 During the Third Five Year Plan, schemes have been drawn with a view to achieving the following objectives:

(a) Maintenance and improvement of existing Post Offices.
(b) Opening up of Post Offices in new areas.
(c) Training of personnel.
(d) Setting up of three new Telephone Exchanges.
(e) Increasing the efficiency of postal system.
A total Plan outlay of Rs. 130 lakh has been envisaged, scheme‑wise breakdown of which is given in Annexure‑VII to this chapter.

7.4 Tourism

7.4.1 It is expected that tourist traffic to Bhutan, especially to Thimphu and Paro would increase sufficiently during the coming years. To construct suitable accommodation for tourists during the Third Plan, a provision of Rs. 17 lakh has been made. The following schemes will be taken up:

(a) Tourist Cottages at Thimphu at a cost of Rs. 10 lakh.
(b) Tourist Cottages at Paro at a cost of Rs. 4 lakh.
(c) A Rest House at Phuntsholing at a cost of Rs. 3 lakh.

 

ANNEXURE VI
LIST OF POST OFFICES IN 1970

I. Gereral Post Offices :1. Thimphu
 2. Phuntsholing
II. Departmental Post Offices:1. Paro
 2. Haa
 3. Sarbhang
 4. Samchi
 5. Chirang
 6. Gaylegphug
 7. Samdrup Jongkhar
 8. Tashigang
 9. Wangdiphodrang
 10. Chapcha
 11. Lhuntsi
 12. Mongar
 13. Byakar
 14. Tongsa
 15. Punakha
 16. Sibsoo
 17. Chengmari
 18. Kalikhola
 19. Shemgang
 20. Dorakha
 21. Lingshi
 22. Gasa
 23. Dagapela
 24. Deothang
 25. Daga
 26. Tashi Yangtshi
III. Extra Departmental Post Offices:1.Putlibhir
 2. Chimakothi
 3. Lamidara
 4. Khasadrapchu
 5. Kanglung

 

ANNEXURE‑VII
POSTS& TELEGRAPHS

Name of SchemesPlan Outlay
(Rs. in lakhs)
1. Direction10.14
2. Executive Staff4.39
3. Existing Post Office13.29
4. Departmental Post Office2.20
5. Extra Departmental Post Office1.37
6. Expansion of Postal and Telegraph facilities3.61
7. New Services1.69
8. Philatelic Services6.07
9. Carriage of Mail byvehicles14.57
10. Telegraph Services5.54
11. Buildings37.30
12. Training0.81
13. Runner Services7.75
14. Telephones20.00
15. Telephone & Telegraph Trainees1.27
Total:130.00